{"id":16535,"date":"2019-10-28T14:16:20","date_gmt":"2019-10-28T18:16:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vieux.ivado.ca\/?post_type=projets_de_recherche&p=16535"},"modified":"2019-12-09T14:44:19","modified_gmt":"2019-12-09T19:44:19","slug":"ai-and-neuroscience-a-promising-pairing","status":"publish","type":"projets_de_recherche","link":"https:\/\/vieux.ivado.ca\/en\/research_projects\/ai-and-neuroscience-a-promising-pairing\/","title":{"rendered":"Expand the frontiers of neuroscience research"},"content":{"rendered":"

A few years ago, the human brain served as the inspiration for building the first synthetic neural networks, one of the types of artificial intelligence (AI). Now AI is generating new knowledge that is consolidating our understanding of how the brain works\u2014knowledge that in turn is proving useful for improving AI. Dr. Karim Jerbi, Associate Professor in the Department of Psychology at Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al<\/a> and one of our collaborators, is among those exploring the links between neuroscience and AI.<\/p>\n

In neuroscience, electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG) and other techniques generate thousands of data points that can be fed to machine-learning algorithms. Dr. Jerbi\u2019s team is working with, among others, a database that stores EEG recordings along with evaluations of depression from thousands of subjects. Using these data, a classification algorithm can \u201clearn\u201d to distinguish between profiles of depressed and non-depressed individuals, and then perform a diagnosis. Dr. Jerbi\u2019s interest lies not so much in diagnoses, however, as in \u201copening up the algorithm\u2019s black box\u201d to understand how it classifies data: what properties of the EEG recordings does it use to construct its classification process? This provides clues to better understanding depression. Another advantage of his approach is that it is data-driven; it therefore does without the a priori considerations involved when working with a hypothesis. \u201cRather than make hypotheses about the involvement of a particular brain structure and its functional role, we can explore the entire space of cerebral activity and benefit from a more exhaustive approach,\u201d Dr. Jerbi explains. AI is thus becoming a tool for, and an accelerator of, basic research in neuroscience.<\/p>\n

Artificial neural networks and machine learning can serve as models for understanding the human brain, but at the same time, the biological brain can serve as a model or an inspiration for artificial intelligence”<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

In a similar vein, the artificial neural networks used in deep-learning algorithms can be harnessed to perform visual recognition tasks. Since these networks are inspired by our human brain structures, they can serve as models for understanding how the visual cortex processes images. \u201cBy looking at what\u2019s happening in the various layers of these artificial neural networks, we can learn how the human brain performs categorization,\u201d Dr. Jerbi adds. \u201cThis is a new source of knowledge emerging from artificial intelligence that we can go and verify by looking at the human brain.\u201d<\/p>\n

More generally, AI can therefore improve our understanding of information processing and the foundations of human intelligence, which in return will open up new avenues for the development of AI.<\/p>\n

Because specialists in both fields are interested in learning, information processing, memory, intelligence, and so on, AI and neuroscience enrich each other. With Montr\u00e9al being a global leader in both disciplines, it is only natural that it should be a focus of synergy between them, as exemplified by the UNIQUE <\/a>(Union neuroscience et intelligence artificielle \u2013 Qu\u00e9bec) research cluster, led by Dr. Jerbi, among others, and supported by IVADO. This grouping of international-calibre researchers is dedicated to the idea of merging the two fields to create a new discipline, neuro-AI, of which UNIQUE would be a world-leading exponent.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Karim Jerbi
\nAssociate Professor
\nUniversit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dr. Karim Jerbi
\nAssociate Professor, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":16542,"template":"","categories":[218],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nExpand the frontiers of neuroscience research - IVADO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Expand the frontiers of neuroscience research - IVADO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dr. Karim Jerbi Associate Professor, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/vieux.ivado.ca\/en\/research_projects\/ai-and-neuroscience-a-promising-pairing\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"IVADO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-12-09T19:44:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/vieux.ivado.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/MONTAGE-brain.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1140\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"383\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vieux.ivado.ca\/en\/research_projects\/ai-and-neuroscience-a-promising-pairing\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/vieux.ivado.ca\/en\/research_projects\/ai-and-neuroscience-a-promising-pairing\/\",\"name\":\"Expand the frontiers of neuroscience research - 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